Each indicator looks for a different risk pattern. A flagged case is a statistical anomaly worth checking, not a proven illegality.
Authorities flagged
8,670
47.5% of the 18,238 authorities that spent public money
Flagged by 3 or more indicators
3,953
21.7% of authorities, out of 8 indicators that score them
Suppliers flagged
32,232
14.4% of the 223,776 suppliers paid with public money
Indicators computed
10
on data from 2018–2026
How it is counted
The indicators count different things (a lot, an authority–supplier pair, an authority-year, a market), so this page never adds their cases or money together. It only combines who was flagged.
- Eight indicators count for authorities: #01, #02, #04, #06, #07, #08, #09 and #10. #03 concerns the supplier only, and #05 is included through #06, its authority-level form.
- An indicator flags an authority when it holds a case for it. #04 is read at its 80% captivity threshold.
- #06 and #09 give a score to every authority above a minimum, so here only high scores count: #06 from a single-bidder rate of 50% over at least 5 lots, #09 from a DSI above 60% in some year.
- Seven indicators count for suppliers: #01, #02, #03, #04, #07, #10 (when the supplier is the largest in the market) and #05, when at least half of at least 5 lots won drew a single offer.
- The authorities that spent public money are those present in any of the three streams: direct purchases, offline purchases and tenders.
A large authority buys more and more often, so it has more occasions to be flagged than a small town hall. The number of indicators helps set priorities; it is not a risk score.
The ten indicators
Each indicator counts in its own unit, so figures on different rows do not add up. The rate is the share of everything that could be flagged that was flagged in the latest complete year.
| Indicator | One case is | Cases | Money at stake | Flag rate | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High risk #01 Slicing Artificial slicing of direct purchases | authority–supplier–CPV–year group | 35,864 | 14,740,258,992 | 1.3% 2025 | |
| High risk #02 At the ceiling Direct purchases at the legal ceiling | direct purchase | 45,948 | 11,893,367,671 | 22.0% 2025 | |
| High risk #03 New companies New companies winning public money | new company | 9,165 | 1,154,135,604 | 7.2% 2025 | |
| Medium risk #04 Captivity Supplier captivity | authority–supplier pair | 378 | 46,905,309,071 | — | — |
| High risk #05 Single bidder Tender lots with a single bidder | tender lot | 213,980 | 271,915,579,083 | 37.6% 2025 | |
| High risk #06 Single-bidder rate Authority ranking by single-bidder rate | ranked authority | 5,138 | 262,008,574,054 | — | — |
| High risk #07 Exact price match Price matching the estimate exactly | tender lot | 19,310 | 5,496,432,371 | 9.1% 2025 | |
| Medium risk #08 Year-end Year-end spending | authority-year | 3,152 | 1,056,851,458 | 4.0% 2025 | |
| Medium risk #09 DSI index Discretionary spend index | authority | 4,323 | 109,788,619,060 | 24.2% 2025 | |
| Medium risk #10 Concentration Supplier concentration (HHI) | market: authority–CPV | 649 | 51,279,750,745 | 13.5% 2025 |
"Money at stake" does not mean the same thing for every indicator: for #08 it is the December excess, for #09 the discretionary spend, and #06 counts #05's money only at the authorities it ranks (at least 5 lots), 9,907,005,029 less.
- One case is
- What the indicator counts as one case. Figures on different rows are not comparable and do not add up.
- Cases
- How many cases the indicator holds across all years, as its own page shows them unfiltered.
- Money at stake
- The money the cases concern, computed by each indicator in its own way.
- Flag rate
- Cases in the latest complete year divided by everything that could be flagged that year. A dash: the indicator has nothing to compare against.
- Trend
- The rate by year or, where there is no rate, cases per year. Incomplete years are dashed.
Converging signals
A single indicator can have a mundane explanation. When several flag the same authority or supplier, it deserves a closer look.
How many indicators flag the same entity
Each bar is the share of flagged entities with exactly that many indicators. Suppliers can have at most seven.
Which indicators travel together
| Row indicator | #01 | #02 | #04 | #06 | #07 | #08 | #09 | #10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #01 Slicing | 5,656 | 81 | 1 | 27 | 17 | 25 | 38 | 24 |
| #02 At the ceiling | 73 | 6,303 | 2 | 26 | 16 | 24 | 34 | 21 |
| #04 Captivity | 22 | 26 | 368 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 10 |
| #06 Single-bidder rate | 73 | 78 | 1 | 2,094 | 29 | 23 | 38 | 27 |
| #07 Exact price match | 72 | 73 | 2 | 45 | 1,358 | 19 | 40 | 52 |
| #08 Year-end | 62 | 65 | 1 | 21 | 11 | 2,297 | 26 | 15 |
| #09 DSI index | 94 | 93 | 1 | 34 | 24 | 26 | 2,301 | 36 |
| #10 Concentration | 84 | 82 | 2 | 34 | 44 | 22 | 52 | 1,619 |
Read along the row: of the authorities flagged by the indicator on the left, the percentage also flagged by the indicator in the column. The diagonal shows how many authorities each indicator flags.
Authorities flagged by the most indicators
| Authority | Spend | Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| COMPANIA AQUASERV SA MUREȘ | 837,741,188 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| INSTITUTUL DE URGENTA PENTRU BOLI CARDIOVASCULARE SI TRANSPLANT TARGU-MURES MUREȘ | 690,190,564 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| SOCIETATEA DE REPARATII LOCOMOTIVE CFR- SCRL BRASOV SA BRAȘOV | 343,968,369 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Supplier captivity, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| SPITALUL CLINIC JUDETEAN DE URGENTA TARGU MURES MUREȘ | 295,861,599 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| ORASUL DARABANI BOTOȘANI | 291,353,947 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| INSTITUTUL NATIONAL PENTRU SANATATEA MAMEI SI COPILULUI ALESSANDRESCU-RUSESCU BUCURESTI BUCUREȘTI | 287,799,577 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| ORASUL INTORSURA BUZAULUI COVASNA | 243,815,430 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Supplier captivity, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UM 0521 BUCURESTI BUCUREȘTI | 178,469,284 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI BACĂU | 134,866,520 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UNIVERSITATEA AUREL VLAICU ARAD ARAD | 117,124,225 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| CLUBUL SPORTIV RAPID-BUCURESTI BUCUREȘTI | 105,802,720 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UNIVERSITATEA NATIONALA DE ARTA TEATRALA SI CINEMATOGRAFICA ION LUCA CARAGIALE DIN BUCURESTI BUCUREȘTI | 103,094,448 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| ORASUL VIDELE TELEORMAN | 92,039,105 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| AEROPORTUL STEFAN CEL MARE SUCEAVA RA SUCEAVA | 83,467,663 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| COMUNA DIMITRIE CANTEMIR GIURGIU | 73,920,364 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| COMUNA BISTRET DOLJ | 60,363,395 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE MARINA GRIGORE ANTIPA-INCDM CONSTANTA CONSTANȚA | 30,861,275 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UNITATEA MILITARA 02512 Z DOLJ | 28,112,595 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Supplier captivity, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| ECO - SAL SA SIBIU | 28,092,164 | 7 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Year-end spending, Discretionary spend index, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UNITATEA MILITARA 02550 C BUCURESTI BUCUREȘTI | 16,025,510,131 | 6 of 8 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Supplier captivity, Authority ranking by single-bidder rate, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
Suppliers flagged by the most indicators
| Supplier | Revenue | Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| E-NFORMATION SRL BUCUREȘTI | 448,149,105 | 6 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Supplier captivity, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UNIVERSITATEA BABES BOLYAI CLUJ | 25,067,388 | 6 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, New companies winning public money, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| DANTE INTERNATIONAL SA BUCUREȘTI | 3,667,389,939 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Supplier captivity, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| DELTAMED SRL CLUJ | 3,322,752,767 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| OMV PETROM MARKETING SRL BUCUREȘTI | 2,457,883,135 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| UTI CONSTRUCTION AND FACILITY MANAGEMENT SA BUCUREȘTI | 2,230,838,169 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| LOGIC COMPUTER SRL BUCUREȘTI | 1,550,968,520 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| RENAULT COMMERCIAL ROUMANIE SRL BUCUREȘTI | 1,183,384,930 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| VESTRA INDUSTRY SRL BOTOȘANI | 1,144,619,699 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| IRIDEX GROUP SALUBRIZARE SRL BUCUREȘTI | 1,030,420,586 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| SOCIETATEA NATIONALA A SARII SA BUCUREȘTI | 1,025,722,544 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| COMPANIA NATIONALA POSTA ROMANA SA BUCUREȘTI | 929,390,280 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| GRADINARIU IMPORT EXPORT SRL BUCUREȘTI | 887,277,259 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| MAGUAY COMPUTERS SRL BUCUREȘTI | 662,395,700 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| BANCA COMERCIALA ROMANA SA BUCUREȘTI | 662,004,064 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| CTE SOLUTION - UTILAJE SPECIALIZATE SRL ILFOV | 660,873,830 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| COMPANIA NATIONALA UNIFARM SA BUCUREȘTI | 632,697,036 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| MEDTRONIC ROMANIA SRL BUCUREȘTI | 618,460,238 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| SANTE INTERNATIONAL SA BUCUREȘTI | 583,157,084 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
| SIEMENS HEALTHCARE SRL BUCUREȘTI | 580,882,721 | 5 of 7 indicators: Artificial slicing of direct purchases, Direct purchases at the legal ceiling, Tender lots with a single bidder, Price matching the estimate exactly, Supplier concentration (HHI) |
Among equals, the order is by money. Each lit symbol leads to that indicator's cases, filtered to the entity.
Over time
One chart per indicator, on its own scale. Where possible the chart shows the rate, so that growth in purchasing does not look like growth in risk.
#01 Slicing
flag rate by year, %
#02 At the ceiling
flag rate by year, %
#03 New companies
flag rate by year, %
#05 Single bidder
flag rate by year, %
#07 Exact price match
flag rate by year, %
#08 Year-end
flag rate by year, %
#09 DSI index
flag rate by year, %
#10 Concentration
flag rate by year, %
Incomplete years are dashed: the data begins in April 2018 and the current year is not over. For #08, 29–31 December 2023 are missing from the data. For #03 the rate is understated in the first years: first public money partly means first seen in the data.
Where it clusters
By county, from the authority's seat, and by CPV division.
Share of authorities flagged, by county
Authorities flagged by at least one indicator, out of every authority in the county that spent public money. Click a county to open its list of authorities.
What the flagged money was spent on
| CPV division | #01 | #02 | #05 | #07 | #08 | #09 | #10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 45 LUCRARI DE CONSTRUCTII | 36 | 43 | 55 | 7 | 32 | 27 | 50 |
| 71 SERVICII DE ARHITECTURA, DE CONSTRUCTII, DE INGINERIE SI DE INSPECTIE | 17 | 21 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 12 | 1 |
| 33 ECHIPAMENTE MEDICALE, PRODUSE FARMACEUTICE SI PRODUSE DE INGRIJIRE PERSONALA | 12 | 1 | 6 | 25 | 2 | 7 | 0 |
| 79 SERVICII PENTRU INTREPRINDERI: DREPT, MARKETING, CONSULTANTA, RECRUTARE, TIPARIRE SI SECURITATE | 9 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 5 |
| 34 ECHIPAMENT DE TRANSPORT SI PRODUSE AUXILIARE PENTRU TRANSPORT | 1 | 2 | 5 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 50 SERVICII DE REPARARE SI INTRETINERE | 1 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| 77 SERVICII PENTRU AGRICULTURA, SILVICULTURA, HORTICULTURA, ACVACULTURA SI APICULTURA | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 8 |
| 90 SERVICII DE EVACUARE A APELOR REZIDUALE, DE ELIMINARE A DESEURILOR, DE IGIENIZARE SI SERVICII PRIVIND MEDIUL | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| 30 ECHIPAMENT INFORMATIC SI ACCESORII DE BIROU, CU EXCEPTIA MOBILIERULUI SI A PACHETELOR SOFTWARE | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| 39 MOBILA (INCLUSIV MOBILA DE BIROU), ACCESORII DE MOBILIER, APARATE DE UZ CASNIC (EXCLUSIV DISPOZITIVE DE ILUMINAT) SI PRODUSE DE CURATAT | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 0 |
| 44 STRUCTURI SI MATERIALE DE CONSTRUCTII; PRODUSE AUXILIARE PENTRU CONSTRUCTII (CU EXCEPTIA APARATELOR ELECTRICE) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 38 ECHIPAMENTE DE LABORATOR, OPTICE SI DE PRECIZIE (CU EXCEPTIA OCHELARILOR) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| The other 33 divisions | 14 | 13 | 17 | 26 | 24 | 23 | 19 |
Each column is one indicator and sums to 100%: the part of its flagged money that falls in each division. Divisions are ordered by their mean share, so every indicator weighs the same. #08 counts the December window spend, #09 the discretionary spend. #03, #04 and #06 carry no CPV code.
A flagged case is not an accusation. The thresholds are statistical, and the data is the data published on data.gov.ro. Methodology.
The same data, through the API
Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.
/api/v1/red-flags/overview/api/v1/red-flags/coverage/api/v1/red-flags/overview/years/api/v1/red-flags/convergence/api/v1/red-flags/cooccurrence/api/v1/red-flags/most-flagged/authorities/api/v1/red-flags/most-flagged/suppliers/api/v1/red-flags/overview/cpv/api/v1/red-flags/by-county