Lots in publicly advertised tenders that drew a single offer and on which contracts have already been signed. It is the risk indicator most used in European procurement research: no competition in an open procedure can mean a closed market or specifications written for one bidder. Computed on tenders only, counting only money spent.
Single-bidder lots
213,980
Money spent without competition
271.92 Bn.
Average spent per lot
1.27 Mn.
Single-bidder lots by year of spending
Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.
Money spent without competition, by CPV group
The 10 largest CPV groups by value; the other 286 are added into a single tile.
How it is computed
Computed on every tender from 2018 to today.
- Lots on which money was spent are kept: those with at least one contract or subsequent contract carrying a value and a winner. Framework agreements are left out, because the money is spent through the subsequent contracts.
- Only competitive procedures with publication are kept. Negotiation without prior publication is left out: there the authority invites companies directly, so a single offer is normal.
- The offers received on a lot are the unacceptable, non-compliant and admissible ones, added up. Withdrawn offers are not counted. For the authority's own procedures, with no count per lot, the contract's count is used.
- The lot is flagged when it received a single offer.
- A contract covering several lots is split between them by estimated value and booked in the year it was signed. With no year chosen each lot appears once, with its total across all years.
- The winner shown is the company with the largest part of the lot's money that year; for an association the contract is shared evenly among members.
Thresholds
- Single bidder: one offer received on the lot, counting unacceptable, non-compliant and admissible offers together; withdrawn offers are not counted
- Procedures included: open and accelerated open tender, simplified procedure, restricted and accelerated restricted tender, competitive and accelerated competitive negotiation, competitive dialogue, the authority's own procedures and request for offers
- Only lots on which at least one contract or subsequent contract has been signed
Tenders only, and money spent only: a framework agreement with no subsequent contract is not counted. Negotiation without prior publication and direct purchases are not included.
The data holds at most 200 contracts per notice. Where a notice has more, the money from the missing contracts is not in the figures.
The offer count is the one the authority reported. On under 1% of lots the contracts report different counts; the largest is kept. A single offer does not prove a breach: in a market with one manufacturer it can be natural. The signal is repetition, at the same authority or with the same winner.
- Notice and lot
- The award notice number, linked to its record on e-licitatie.ro, with the lot underneath. The lot title appears on hovering over the information sign. A notice without lots has a single implicit lot, with no title.
- Contracting authority
- The authority that ran the tender.
- Winner
- The companies that received the lot's money that year. For an association every member is listed, by share; the filter finds the lot through any of them.
- CPV code
- The lot's CPV code: what was bought. The filter also takes leading digits: 45 covers all works.
- Procedure type
- The award procedure. The information sign means the offer count comes from the contract, not the lot.
- Year
- The years the lot's contracts were signed. With no year chosen the span appears; with a year chosen, that year.
- #
- How many contracts were signed on the lot. With a year chosen, the lot's total appears underneath if it has contracts in other years too.
- Estimated value
- The value the authority estimated before the tender, for the whole lot.
- Spent
- The money spent on the lot. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value. The table is ordered by this column by default.
- Tender
- Opens the tender and its contracts, with the offers received on each lot.
The same data, through the API
Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.
/api/v1/reference/years/api/v1/reference/procedure-types/api/v1/red-flags/ofertant-unic/api/v1/red-flags/overview/years/api/v1/red-flags/ofertant-unic/cpv-spend