Skip to content

Medium risk #10 Concentration

Supplier concentration (HHI)

Markets where an authority's money went to a few suppliers, although the country had hundreds.

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.

Flagged markets

649

Money in flagged markets

51.28 Bn.

Mean index (money-weighted)

9,013

Flagged markets by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Concentrated money, by CPV group

The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.

National concentration index by year

The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.

How it is computed

The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.

  1. Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
  2. Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
  3. Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
  4. The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
  5. Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
  6. Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.

Thresholds

  • Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
  • At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
  • At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
  • At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally

The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.

The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

The whole period is not the sum of the years. Each market is tested once more, on the money of every year together: supplier shares are taken over the whole period, and the floors are higher (30 awards and 3,000,000 RON). A market can be flagged in a year without being flagged over the whole period, for example when one supplier took everything in one year but shared the market in the others. Choose a year to see the markets flagged in it.

Contracting authority CPV group Year Spent Awards Suppliers used Suppliers in market HHI Leading supplier
ADMINISTRATIA PATRIMONIULUI PROTOCOLULUI DE STAT RA CUI: 2351555 601 Whole period 7,602,230 7,586,091 1,683 14,456 101 8,118 9,960 FILIALA AUTOEREBUS SRL CUI: 42552167 99.8%
FILIALA AUTOEREBUS SRL CUI: 42552167 99.8% LTT PREMIUM CARS SRL CUI: 18559154 0.2% MAYVALEM SERVICE SRL CUI: 43482388 0.0%
APA CANAL SA CUI: 16914128 384 Whole period 7,548,515 7,106,369 442,146 123 5,086 8,946 FLUID GROUP HAGEN SRL CUI: 13430603 94.6%
FLUID GROUP HAGEN SRL CUI: 13430603 94.6% MULTI LAB SRL CUI: 15537534 1.3% PIMAPIS ELECTRIC SRL CUI: 24533213 1.0% KILLTEC SRL CUI: 6245590 0.9% VIM ENGINEERING SRL CUI: 18493424 0.7% 29 further suppliers 1.6%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA ZALAU CUI: 4291719 241 Whole period 7,492,768 7,422,092 70,676 105 1,197 9,636 LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 98.2%
LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 98.2% SIAD ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8184529 1.8% MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 0.0% TEHVOROM SNAGOV SRL CUI: 15062753 0.0%
MUNICIPIUL GALATI CUI: 3814810 665 Whole period 7,439,184 6,803,636 227,975 407,573 112 1,049 8,377 MISOLA CORPORATION SRL CUI: 41541666 91.5%
MISOLA CORPORATION SRL CUI: 41541666 91.5% IZOTERM CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 21458028 2.7% MILLENIUM INSURANCE BROKER MIB BROKER DE ASIGURARE-REASIGURARE SA CUI: 9557790 1.6% RITTERRO - BROKER DE ASIGURARE SRL CUI: 26782334 1.3% ALLIANZ - TIRIAC ASIGURARI SA CUI: 6120740 0.7% 9 further suppliers 2.3%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA SLATINA CUI: 4394927 151 Whole period 7,406,227 6,481,621 924,606 88 1,457 8,634 MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 92.7%
MATRA SRL CUI: 6287579 92.7% MARIMIH PATI PRODUCT SRL CUI: 37646524 5.8% APRO-COM-IMPEX SRL CUI: 9279406 1.5%
SALUBRIS SA CUI: 14816433 421 Whole period 7,335,649 6,771,666 561,730 2,253 122 8,588 8,565 PROCESS ENGINEERING SRL CUI: 16217333 92.5%
PROCESS ENGINEERING SRL CUI: 16217333 92.5% IRCAT-CO SRL CUI: 15992039 1.8% AUTO TECHNIC SOLUTION SRL CUI: 28670965 1.2% EUROTECH SRL CUI: 11116770 1.2% LAVITEX PROD SRL CUI: 7152561 0.8% 22 further suppliers 2.4%
AGENTIA NATIONALA DE CADASTRU SI PUBLICITATE IMOBILIARA CUI: 9051601 392 Whole period 7,301,560 7,291,975 8,222 1,363 55 16,095 9,900 MEDIA ONE SRL CUI: 6884372 99.5%
MEDIA ONE SRL CUI: 6884372 99.5% FLAROM ADVERTISING SRL CUI: 14946824 0.4% FOR OFFICE SRL CUI: 33947443 0.0% RIK SRL CUI: 1889794 0.0% CARREFOUR ROMANIA SA CUI: 11588780 0.0% 13 further suppliers 0.1%
ADMINISTRATIA PREZIDENTIALA CUI: 4283732 185 Whole period 7,231,653 6,849,294 382,359 72 1,909 9,007 MONETARIA STATULUI RA CUI: 427304 94.9%
MONETARIA STATULUI RA CUI: 427304 94.9% ATELIER CARTE DE ARTA SRL CUI: 36588212 1.4% MITRACHE NICOLETA PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 19713374 1.1% MOBILAPICTATARO SRL CUI: 46455213 1.0% CRT BIROTICA IMPEX SRL CUI: 36536299 0.6% 8 further suppliers 1.1%
ADMINISTRATIA NATIONALA A PENITENCIARELOR CUI: 4266324 331 Whole period 7,199,384 6,953,240 162,744 83,400 62 9,757 9,332 DIGI MEDICAL TEHNIC SRL CUI: 35468358 96.6%
DIGI MEDICAL TEHNIC SRL CUI: 35468358 96.6% D & D CONSULTANTS GRUP SRL CUI: 14937087 1.9% PSIHO PROIECT SRL CUI: 18835144 0.8% DNS BIROTICA SRL CUI: 16310679 0.4% GLOBAL TREAT SRL CUI: 32255894 0.1% 12 further suppliers 0.2%
COMPANIA DE APA OLT SA CUI: 21307548 429 Whole period 7,181,176 6,256,912 910,384 13,880 130 10,396 7,646 ELSACO ELECTRONIC SRL CUI: 7464520 87.1%
ELSACO ELECTRONIC SRL CUI: 7464520 87.1% TITAN TECHNIK AG SRL CUI: 34199944 7.0% INSERV AQUA SRL CUI: 14681280 1.7% GEA WESTFALIA SEPARATOR ROMANIA SRL CUI: 10696660 0.9% GEA REFRIGERATION ROMANIA SRL CUI: 15099337 0.7% 41 further suppliers 2.6%
COMUNA HEMEIUS CUI: 4352832 453 Whole period 7,156,389 3,434,813 3,721,576 51 15,874 9,676 DIRECT GROUP SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 31109130 98.4%
DIRECT GROUP SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 31109130 98.4% FLUXINVEST SRL CUI: 18299275 0.9% ENA ELECTRIC SRL CUI: 31328440 0.7%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ADMINISTRARE A UNITATILOR DE INVATAMANT A SPORTULUI SI CULTURII SECTOR 4 CUI: 38248861 713 Whole period 7,115,494 6,378,700 736,794 39 24,365 8,055 TERMO ECO SERVICE CONSULT SRL CUI: 27826277 89.7%
TERMO ECO SERVICE CONSULT SRL CUI: 27826277 89.7% GEODETIC SURVEY SRL CUI: 35621108 3.2% YARD ARCHITECTS SRL CUI: 37315768 1.8% CRIA GENERAL CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 41011023 1.7% MP PARTNERS - SOCIETATE CIVILA DE AVOCATI CUI: 23623229 0.7% 8 further suppliers 2.9%
ELECTROCENTRALE BUCURESTI SA CUI: 15189596 241 Whole period 7,092,980 6,347,494 342,524 402,962 87 1,197 8,942 SIAD ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8184529 94.5%
SIAD ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8184529 94.5% UNIGAZ SRL CUI: 5247363 2.8% MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 2.3% LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 0.4% GAS ALARM SERVICES SRL CUI: 14607429 0.0% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
TRANS BUS SA CUI: 10622337 501 Whole period 7,091,897 6,657,270 434,627 117 13,073 8,818 SPLASH WASH TEAM SRL CUI: 40088428 93.9%
SPLASH WASH TEAM SRL CUI: 40088428 93.9% TH TRUCKS SRL CUI: 9951956 1.7% VOLVO ROMANIA SRL CUI: 14545865 1.0% TURBOCAR SERV SRL CUI: 17036785 1.0% EXPRESS DIESEL SRL CUI: 12734370 0.8% 11 further suppliers 1.7%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA BACAU CUI: 4278728 797 Whole period 7,067,893 6,720,024 255,332 92,537 40 2,022 10,000 AZIA SECURITY SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 954207 100.0%
AZIA SECURITY SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 954207 100.0%
COMPANIA NATIONALA AEROPORTURI BUCURESTI SA CUI: 26490194 397 Whole period 6,991,603 6,595,460 328,543 67,600 125 9,344 8,902 MEDROMTEHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 40564700 94.3%
MEDROMTEHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 40564700 94.3% ALTEX ROMANIA SRL CUI: 2864518 1.0% 01 PROCONSTRUCTO TOP SERVICES GROUP SRL CUI: 34774030 1.0% DANTE INTERNATIONAL SA CUI: 14399840 0.8% GCT GENERAL CLIMA THERM SRL CUI: 13210853 0.7% 33 further suppliers 2.2%
BANCA NATIONALA A ROMANIEI CUI: 361684 222 Whole period 6,983,622 6,522,535 175,652 285,435 242 1,026 8,095 MANPRES DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 21969740 89.4%
MANPRES DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 21969740 89.4% TOP SEVEN WEST SRL CUI: 28607070 10.4% EDITURA HAMANGIU SRL CUI: 18469418 0.2% OFICIUL NATIONAL AL REGISTRULUI COMERTULUI CUI: 14942091 0.0% ALIAD SRL CUI: 16756770 0.0% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA SLATINA CUI: 4394927 983 Whole period 6,982,954 6,458,391 283,084 241,479 63 16,828 8,979 SPOTLESS SERVICES SRL CUI: 29187110 94.8%
SPOTLESS SERVICES SRL CUI: 29187110 94.8% CENTRUL JUDETEAN DE APARATURA MEDICALA OLT CUI: 16063781 0.7% VICTAS SERVICE SRL CUI: 6125674 0.6% TRODAT DRAG CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 28400449 0.4% FARMATIN MEDICAL SRL CUI: 32526217 0.4% 26 further suppliers 3.2%
SPITALUL CLINIC JUDETEAN DE URGENTA PIUS BRINZEU TIMISOARA CUI: 4663448 241 Whole period 6,977,349 6,315,982 661,367 48 1,197 9,033 LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 95.0%
LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 95.0% 1NGINEERING SRL CUI: 28725629 3.8% EYECON MEDICAL SRL CUI: 14923065 0.6% MEDICAL LOGISTIC MALL SRL CUI: 22672401 0.6%
ADMINISTRATIA ROMANA A SERVICIILOR DE TRAFIC AERIAN ROMATSA RA CUI: 1589932 381 Whole period 6,923,219 6,120,576 802,643 39 667 9,370 STARCKROM TEHNOLOGII SRL CUI: 15400498 96.8%
STARCKROM TEHNOLOGII SRL CUI: 15400498 96.8% EEE SA CUI: 1824981 0.9% MIRA TECHNOLOGIES GROUP SRL CUI: 24526828 0.6% HYDROMET SERVICE SRL CUI: 17116582 0.5% ORAEXACTA SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 25632916 0.5% 7 further suppliers 0.8%
APASERV SATU MARE SA CUI: 16844952 429 Whole period 6,920,244 6,166,928 393,052 360,264 831 10,396 7,649 CONTROLSOFT AUTOMATIZARE SRL CUI: 43113615 87.4%
CONTROLSOFT AUTOMATIZARE SRL CUI: 43113615 87.4% SIROD SRL CUI: 9801207 2.5% ALFA LAVAL SRL CUI: 8140611 2.1% TECHNOSAM SRL CUI: 9524394 1.8% GEA REFRIGERATION ROMANIA SRL CUI: 15099337 1.0% 56 further suppliers 5.3%
MUNICIPIUL SATU MARE CUI: 4038806 351 Whole period 6,844,191 6,709,857 79,101 55,233 55 8,974 9,613 ORANGE ROMANIA SA CUI: 9010105 98.0%
ORANGE ROMANIA SA CUI: 9010105 98.0% GEODATA ENTERPRISE SRL CUI: 24203037 0.8% ELECTRO PRONTO SRL CUI: 8051344 0.8% ALSTING SERVCOM SRL CUI: 35095429 0.2% ALSTING SERVICII SRL CUI: 30511899 0.1% 5 further suppliers 0.2%
OFICIUL NATIONAL AL VIEI SI PRODUSELOR VITIVINICOLE CUI: 26318890 301 Whole period 6,800,696 6,465,000 329,971 5,725 62 14,127 9,047 ELTRONIS SRL CUI: 15290190 95.1%
ELTRONIS SRL CUI: 15290190 95.1% MIDA SOFT BUSINESS SRL CUI: 16005870 2.7% BRING SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 35746888 1.2% ETA2U SRL CUI: 1801821 0.6% RTC PROFFICE EXPERIENCE SRL CUI: 6562512 0.4% 3 further suppliers 0.1%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI BUZAU CUI: 17091470 155 Whole period 6,760,239 6,728,454 31,785 78 1,388 9,930 MERIDIAN AGROIND SRL CUI: 6675589 99.7%
MERIDIAN AGROIND SRL CUI: 6675589 99.7% GEGEA COM SRL CUI: 9553896 0.2% MCA COMERCIAL SRL CUI: 13219828 0.1% COM FORTUNA 93 SRL CUI: 3491220 0.0% KAUFLAND ROMANIA SCS CUI: 15991149 0.0% 4 further suppliers 0.1%
SPITALUL CLINIC JUDETEAN DE URGENTA SFANTUL APOSTOL ANDREI CONSTANTA CUI: 4301103 241 Whole period 6,747,458 5,511,950 626,103 609,405 67 1,197 7,808 MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 88.0%
MESSER ROMANIA GAZ SRL CUI: 10547308 88.0% SIAD ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8184529 6.2% ACTIV METAL GAZ SRL CUI: 21060315 4.3% GENERAL ELECTRIC MEDICAL SYSTEMS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 12924986 0.4% MEDICAL GAZPLUS SRL CUI: 32666172 0.3% 9 further suppliers 0.7%

376-400 of 649 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
CPV group
The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
Year
The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
Spent
The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
Awards
How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
Suppliers used
How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
Suppliers in market
How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
HHI
The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
Leading supplier
The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend

Open data and API