Skip to content

Medium risk #10 Concentration

Supplier concentration (HHI)

Markets where an authority's money went to a few suppliers, although the country had hundreds.

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.

Flagged markets

718

Money in flagged markets

11.08 Bn.

Mean index (money-weighted)

8,816

Flagged markets by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Concentrated money, by CPV group

The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.

National concentration index by year

The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.

How it is computed

The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.

  1. Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
  2. Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
  3. Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
  4. The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
  5. Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
  6. Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.

Thresholds

  • Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
  • At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
  • At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
  • At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally

The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.

The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

The markets flagged in 2025, with shares and floors (10 awards, 500,000 RON) taken on that year's money alone. The whole period is a separate test, not the sum of the years.

Contracting authority CPV group Year Spent Awards Suppliers used Suppliers in market HHI Leading supplier
MUNICIPIUL CLUJ-NAPOCA CUI: 4305857 452 2025 5,064,354,652 5,063,190,778 1,163,874 42 8,931 8,730 DIMEX-2000 COMPANY SRL CUI: 13027407 93.4%
DIMEX-2000 COMPANY SRL CUI: 13027407 93.4% ENERGOMONTAJ SAEM CONSTRUCTII SRL CUI: 50017831 1.8% ENERGOMONTAJ SA CUI: 1555468 1.8% NORD CONFOREST SA CUI: 201900 0.6% ARCHDESIGN SRL CUI: 15352382 0.6% 19 further suppliers 1.9%
SOCIETATEA NATIONALA NUCLEARELECTRICA SA CUI: 10874881 505 2025 886,597,262 886,393,378 10,655 193,229 12 1,893 9,965 ARABELLE SOLUTIONS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 45145362 99.8%
ARABELLE SOLUTIONS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 45145362 99.8% ATLAS COPCO ROMANIA SRL CUI: 17479588 0.1% NIMB CONSMETAL SRL CUI: 9275005 0.1% ALFA LAVAL SRL CUI: 8140611 0.1% SAN SYSTEMS INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 3113365 0.0% 7 further suppliers 0.0%
SOCIETATEA DE PRODUCERE A ENERGIEI ELECTRICE IN HIDROCENTRALE HIDROELECTRICA SA CUI: 13267213 453 2025 571,718,926 570,156,713 1,562,213 21 5,044 7,294 SOCIETATEA DE SERVICII HIDROENERGETICE HIDROSERV SA CUI: 32097794 84.8%
SOCIETATEA DE SERVICII HIDROENERGETICE HIDROSERV SA CUI: 32097794 84.8% ENEVO GROUP SRL CUI: 33110123 7.0% PRIME BATTERIES TECHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 36438584 7.0% AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 16411916 0.3% COMRANADO SRL CUI: 2308253 0.3% 11 further suppliers 0.6%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE ADMINISTRARE A INFRASTRUCTURII RUTIERE SA CUI: 16054368 722 2025 226,907,676 224,594,546 992,228 1,320,902 30 2,238 9,789 VODAFONE ROMANIA SA CUI: 8971726 98.9%
VODAFONE ROMANIA SA CUI: 8971726 98.9% STATUS TREIZECI SI DOI SRL CUI: 29381302 0.3% ALFA SOFTWARE SA CUI: 3504649 0.2% KONTRON SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 5175054 0.1% NETWORKING CONSULTING SRL CUI: 17550041 0.1% 14 further suppliers 0.3%
SECTORUL 4 AL MUNICIPIULUI BUCURESTI CUI: 4316422 773 2025 149,812,037 149,812,037 11 881 10,000 TOTUL VERDE SA CUI: 14665500 100.0%
TOTUL VERDE SA CUI: 14665500 100.0%
SOCIETATEA NATIONALA DE TRANSPORT FEROVIAR DE CALATORI - CFR - CALATORI SA CUI: 11054545 091 2025 134,571,937 134,559,934 9,715 2,288 13 1,102 9,641 OSCAR DOWNSTREAM SRL CUI: 13991630 98.2%
OSCAR DOWNSTREAM SRL CUI: 13991630 98.2% NOVA POWER & GAS SA CUI: 18680651 1.1% ROMPETROL DOWNSTREAM SRL CUI: 12751583 0.7% LUK FOREST SISTEM SRL CUI: 33628363 0.0% IULIAN TRANSFOR SRL CUI: 28125640 0.0% 4 further suppliers 0.0%
INSTITUTUL DE URGENTA PENTRU BOLI CARDIOVASCULARE SI TRANSPLANT TARGU-MURES CUI: 32051606 331 2025 134,269,860 124,605,950 9,663,910 1,182 2,943 7,077 PHARMICS SRL CUI: 23200539 83.5%
PHARMICS SRL CUI: 23200539 83.5% MEDQ GROUP SRL CUI: 24840854 10.1% OXCART MEDICAL SRL CUI: 42146398 0.6% MEDI-TECH BUSINESS SRL CUI: 5726838 0.4% MEDTRONIC ROMANIA SRL CUI: 35182347 0.4% 67 further suppliers 4.9%
UNITATEA DE LOGISTICA SI ACHIZITII CENTRALIZATE A POLITIEI PENITENCIARE CUI: 4193079 341 2025 129,779,021 129,779,021 13 814 10,000 BRIARIS IND SRL CUI: 2329485 100.0%
BRIARIS IND SRL CUI: 2329485 100.0%
SOCIETATEA DE PRODUCERE A ENERGIEI ELECTRICE IN HIDROCENTRALE HIDROELECTRICA SA CUI: 13267213 505 2025 117,867,002 117,843,374 23,628 23 1,893 7,219 VESTAS CEU ROMANIA SRL CUI: 23012802 84.7%
VESTAS CEU ROMANIA SRL CUI: 23012802 84.7% ELEROM SA CUI: 3426320 6.3% ICPE ACTEL SA CUI: 356661 2.1% EXPERT CRANE SRL CUI: 26071277 1.6% ENERGOTECH SA CUI: 14626749 1.5% 10 further suppliers 3.8%
SERVICIUL DE TELECOMUNICATII SPECIALE CUI: 4267230 425 2025 99,098,739 98,598,871 314,317 185,551 29 1,590 9,744 SYNOTECH GLOBAL SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 6476683 98.7%
SYNOTECH GLOBAL SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 6476683 98.7% ECO ELECTRONICS SHOP SRL CUI: 42543290 1.0% TERMOCONTROL RETELE GAZ SRL CUI: 24412505 0.1% OLTENIA FRIG SERVICE SRL CUI: 26329296 0.1% INTEGRAL MEGA SERVICE SRL CUI: 16028750 0.1% 2 further suppliers 0.0%
COMPANIA DE APA TARGOVISTE-DAMBOVITA SA CUI: 10084149 452 2025 96,844,192 93,083,868 3,744,566 15,758 71 8,931 9,007 STRABAG CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 50776017 94.9%
STRABAG CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 50776017 94.9% SYRINX SRL CUI: 516860 1.3% ZECA TELECONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 20921123 1.2% MUNICIPAL CONSTRUCT SA CUI: 28075461 0.9% GEOSOND SA CUI: 5625027 0.6% 18 further suppliers 1.3%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE ADMINISTRARE A INFRASTRUCTURII RUTIERE SA CUI: 16054368 091 2025 92,467,562 92,179,117 195,911 92,534 19 1,102 9,720 OMV PETROM MARKETING SRL CUI: 11201891 98.6%
OMV PETROM MARKETING SRL CUI: 11201891 98.6% ALMATAR TRANS SRL CUI: 13573930 0.9% NOVA POWER & GAS SA CUI: 18680651 0.3% BILTRADE IMPEX SRL CUI: 38946830 0.1% PROFESIONAL A & I GASPROD SRL CUI: 30647921 0.1% 6 further suppliers 0.1%
SPITALUL CLINIC COLTEA CUI: 4192960 244 2025 81,122,407 81,114,660 7,747 112 1,348 8,584 BIO HYGIENE SRL CUI: 29674809 92.6%
BIO HYGIENE SRL CUI: 29674809 92.6% AL CARINA SRL CUI: 4621450 3.4% BBRAUN MEDICAL SRL CUI: 11080242 1.9% EUROTOTAL COMP SRL CUI: 5324539 1.5% BIOSTEC CLINILAB SRL CUI: 11324711 0.8% 2 further suppliers 0.0%
EURO APAVOL SA CUI: 27778056 452 2025 80,646,044 74,956,300 5,689,744 11 8,931 8,646 CORAL SRL CUI: 2362708 92.9%
CORAL SRL CUI: 2362708 92.9% TEHNO-DRILL PREST SRL CUI: 18927426 1.1% PROMPT GAZ SRL CUI: 16155397 1.1% MURAL SERV SRL CUI: 22983050 1.1% VAM UNITED SRL CUI: 45824851 1.1% 5 further suppliers 2.7%
ASOCIATIA UNIVERSITATILOR INSTITUTELOR DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE SI BIBLIOTECILOR CENTRALE UNIVERSITARE DIN ROMANIA - ANELIS PLUS CUI: 29489879 723 2025 78,111,345 78,111,345 51 494 7,814 E-NFORMATION SRL CUI: 14159813 88.0%
E-NFORMATION SRL CUI: 14159813 88.0% GEMINI INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES SRL CUI: 38305118 6.0% ROMDIDAC SA CUI: 1555719 6.0%
UM 02499 BUCURESTI CUI: 5129783 324 2025 77,130,432 77,108,837 21,595 24 1,506 7,208 SYNOTECH GLOBAL SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 6476683 84.3%
SYNOTECH GLOBAL SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 6476683 84.3% LOGIC COMPUTER SRL CUI: 8807295 7.6% IXODRON SRL CUI: 41027500 6.9% CANCOM ROMANIA SRL CUI: 25416050 0.5% SMD PLUS TECHNOLOGY SRL CUI: 32347157 0.5% 7 further suppliers 0.3%
SERVICIUL DE TELECOMUNICATII SPECIALE CUI: 4267230 316 2025 72,697,027 72,387,936 301,422 7,669 39 3,377 9,747 SYNOTECH GLOBAL SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 6476683 98.7%
SYNOTECH GLOBAL SERVICES ROMANIA SRL CUI: 6476683 98.7% FELIX TELECOM SRL CUI: 2354144 0.8% UNIVERS GRUP SRL CUI: 14397840 0.2% DINAMIC ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 39887367 0.1% VOLTROM GRUP SRL CUI: 21970760 0.1% 4 further suppliers 0.0%
ECOAQUA SA CUI: 16730672 452 2025 70,422,708 70,052,986 229,488 140,234 22 8,931 9,895 CORAL SRL CUI: 2362708 99.5%
CORAL SRL CUI: 2362708 99.5% SERVICIUL PUBLIC PAVAJE SPATII VERZI CALARASI CUI: 13939144 0.2% UNION BUSINESS COMPANY SRL CUI: 15614661 0.1% AERZEN ROMANIA SRL CUI: 24838307 0.1% CEFAIN CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 24721160 0.1% 9 further suppliers 0.1%
HIDRO PRAHOVA SA CUI: 16826034 713 2025 65,458,450 64,853,950 604,500 13 9,807 9,816 EPTISA ROMANIA SRL CUI: 16193331 99.1%
EPTISA ROMANIA SRL CUI: 16193331 99.1% ELCAS PRODIMPEX SRL CUI: 2706712 0.3% TOP EXPERT SRL CUI: 14549972 0.2% PECTA SRL CUI: 18485731 0.2% REVITECH GLOBAL SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 38899894 0.1% 4 further suppliers 0.2%
APA-CANAL 2000 SA CUI: 13009001 713 2025 58,775,601 58,108,413 667,188 19 9,807 9,774 RAMBOLL SOUTH EAST EUROPE SRL CUI: 12540535 98.9%
RAMBOLL SOUTH EAST EUROPE SRL CUI: 12540535 98.9% ROMPROED SA CUI: 13556521 0.4% DESIGN CONSTRUCT & SECURITY SRL CUI: 33064655 0.2% CONDURACHE FLORENTINA-ANDREEA PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 30515602 0.1% PRODBALST SRL CUI: 7061200 0.1% 10 further suppliers 0.4%
DISTRIBUTIE ENERGIE OLTENIA SA CUI: 14491102 713 2025 57,394,317 57,394,317 13 9,807 8,912 ADREM INVEST SA CUI: 3020924 94.3%
ADREM INVEST SA CUI: 3020924 94.3% RALICRI COM SRL CUI: 7992682 3.6% FOREST ELECTRO GRUP 2002 SRL CUI: 14479230 2.1%
VITAL SA CUI: 9710087 713 2025 51,135,292 50,920,054 185,238 30,000 27 9,807 9,916 CCAT SOLUTION GRUP SRL CUI: 34957992 99.6%
CCAT SOLUTION GRUP SRL CUI: 34957992 99.6% EL-FLUX SRL CUI: 16233142 0.1% 4 NATURE PROJECT SRL CUI: 40223796 0.1% DAPHNOCONS SRL CUI: 41871737 0.1% SERVELECT SRL CUI: 17481529 0.0% 6 further suppliers 0.1%
UNITATEA MILITARA NR01836 CUI: 27036839 395 2025 50,723,478 50,304,078 419,400 12 3,541 7,478 MARDO LIGNA SRL CUI: 33136700 85.4%
MARDO LIGNA SRL CUI: 33136700 85.4% CONDOR SA CUI: 5431 13.6% SUPER BALL SRL CUI: 16992274 0.5% STOFE BUHUSI SA CUI: 962838 0.3% KA & MA TRADING SRL CUI: 27921414 0.2% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
ADMINISTRATIA ROMANA A SERVICIILOR DE TRAFIC AERIAN ROMATSA RA CUI: 1589932 722 2025 50,330,769 50,112,829 217,940 11 2,238 7,855 INDRA SISTEMAS CUI: 28599033 88.4%
INDRA SISTEMAS CUI: 28599033 88.4% FLAME DATA TECHNOLOGIES SRL CUI: 34264511 5.1% SOFTWARE IMAGINATION & VISION SRL CUI: 41963989 3.3% ITPS SRL CUI: 17236996 1.8% SIM SOFT DISTRIBUTION SRL CUI: 28963329 1.0% 3 further suppliers 0.4%
UNITATEA MILITARA 01144 ROMAN CUI: 27367077 358 2025 50,270,979 50,244,500 26,479 11 662 8,467 STIMPEX SA CUI: 326768 91.6%
STIMPEX SA CUI: 326768 91.6% NEW AKORD SECURITY SRL CUI: 31041477 8.3% BASORELIEF CONCEPT SRL CUI: 38409534 0.0% POWER STYLE IMAGE SRL CUI: 39121520 0.0% MEDIACONCEPT SRL CUI: 17532177 0.0%

1-25 of 718 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
CPV group
The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
Year
The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
Spent
The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
Awards
How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
Suppliers used
How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
Suppliers in market
How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
HHI
The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
Leading supplier
The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend

Open data and API