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High risk #01 Slicing

Artificial slicing of direct purchases

Repeated direct purchases from one supplier, each below the legal ceiling, together above it.

A large need is covered by several direct purchases from the same supplier, in the same CPV group and the same year, each below the legal ceiling (today 270,120 lei for goods and services and 900,400 lei for works; half that until September 2022). Together they pass the ceiling, and the tender the law requires is avoided. Computed on direct purchases only.

Slicing groups

19

Cumulative flagged value

4.61 Mn.

Average direct purchases per group

3.5

Flagged groups by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Flagged value by CPV group

The 10 largest CPV groups by value; the other 242 are added into a single tile.

How it is computed

Computed on every direct purchase from 2018 to today.

  1. Direct purchases with a supplier (CUI) and a CPV code are kept.
  2. They are grouped on five keys: the authority, the supplier, the first three digits of the CPV code, the year and the contract type.
  3. Groups with a single purchase are dropped: one purchase alone is not slicing.
  4. For each group the purchase values are added up, and the average and the largest are computed.
  5. The ceiling is the one in force on the day each purchase was published, for its contract type. In the years the ceiling changed (2018, 2022) the group splits in two, each part with its own ceiling.
  6. The group is flagged when its total passes the ceiling. The purchases are not judged one by one: their sum is what counts.

Thresholds

Purchases published Goods and services Works
until 03.06.2018Legea 98/2016 132,519 441,730
04.06.2018 – 09.09.2022OUG 45/2018 135,060 450,200
from 10.09.2022Legea 208/2022 270,120 900,400

Ceilings exclude VAT (Legea 98/2016, art. 7(5)). Each purchase is compared with the ceiling in force on the day it was published. The ceilings and procedures, explained.

  • At least two direct purchases to the same supplier, in the same CPV group and year

Direct purchases only. Tenders and framework agreements are not counted.

Grouping uses the first three CPV digits, so different products of the same family land in one group. That is how the legal ceiling applies too, but it can join purchases that do not replace one another.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

Contracting authority Supplier CPV group Contract type Year Direct purchases Cumulative value Average per purchase Largest purchase
INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE TURBOMOTOARE - COMOTI CUI: 445238 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2022 10.09–31.12 4 603,227 150,807 201,075
INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE TURBOMOTOARE - COMOTI CUI: 445238 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 servicii ceiling 135,060 2021 12 530,311 44,193 62,313
FEDERATIA ROMANA DE SCRIMA CUI: 13444099 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 270,120 2025 2 354,356 177,178 184,752
COMUNA VLADIMIRESCU CUI: 3519615 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 093 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 3 307,922 102,641 133,232
INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE TURBOMOTOARE - COMOTI CUI: 445238 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 8 285,390 35,674 96,810
LICEUL AUTO TRAIAN VUIA TARGU JIU CUI: 2679685 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 2 275,079 137,540 164,274
DIRECTIA SANITARA VETERINARA SI PENTRU SIGURANTA ALIMENTELOR BUZAU CUI: 4299810 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 servicii ceiling 135,060 2022 01.01–09.09 2 218,431 109,216 183,797
DIRECTIA SANITARA - VETERINARA SI PENTRU SIGURANTA ALIMENTELOR CUI: 4205645 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 4 216,449 54,112 125,673
INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE TURBOMOTOARE - COMOTI CUI: 445238 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 4 212,890 53,223 95,988
LICEUL TEHNOLOGIC MIHAI EMINESCU SLOBOZIA CUI: 4364918 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 3 198,540 66,180 103,795
COLEGIUL NATIONAL RADU NEGRU FAGARAS CUI: 29404767 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 3 193,213 64,404 176,516
CENTRUL SCOLAR PENTRU EDUCATIE INCLUZIVA BRASOV CUI: 4384125 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 servicii ceiling 135,060 2020 2 170,756 85,378 135,258
CLUBUL SPORTIV MUNICIPAL UNIREA SLOBOZIA CUI: 19103570 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 3 161,599 53,866 117,241
LICEUL TEORETIC ICDRAGUSANU VICTORIA CUI: 29391756 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 4 152,497 38,124 132,387
COLEGIUL NATIONAL RADU NEGRU FAGARAS CUI: 29404767 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 servicii ceiling 135,060 2021 2 151,839 75,920 96,043
SPITALUL ORASENESC BOLINTIN VALE CUI: 4352689 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2018 04.06–31.12 3 146,906 48,969 105,300
REGIA NATIONALA A PADURILOR ROMSILVA RA CUI: 1590120 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2019 2 144,904 72,452 89,750
MUZEUL NATIONAL DE ISTORIE NATURALA GRIGORE ANTIPA CUI: 29446657 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2021 2 144,863 72,432 104,216
SPITALUL ORASENESC BOLINTIN VALE CUI: 4352689 ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 091 furnizare ceiling 135,060 2020 2 143,330 71,665 101,043

1-19 of 19 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that made the purchases. It had to run a tender once the ceiling was passed.
Supplier
The company that received every purchase in the group.
CPV group
The first three digits of the CPV code: the family of goods or services bought.
Contract type
Supply, services or works. The type and the date set the ceiling, shown under the type.
Year
The year of publication. In 2018 and 2022, when the ceiling changed, the year holds two groups, with the period shown under the year.
Direct purchases
How many direct purchases the group holds (at least two).
Cumulative value
The group's purchases added up. This is compared with the ceiling.
Average per purchase
The cumulative value divided by the number of purchases. A small average beside a large total is the typical sign of slicing.
Largest purchase
The largest purchase in the group. If it sits just below the ceiling, see indicator #02 too.
Opens the group's direct purchases: same authority, supplier, CPV group, year and contract type.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/reference/years
  • /api/v1/reference/contract-types
  • /api/v1/red-flags/fractionare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/fractionare/cpv-spend

Open data and API