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Medium risk #10 Concentration

Supplier concentration (HHI)

Markets where an authority's money went to a few suppliers, although the country had hundreds.

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) shows how concentrated a market is: 10,000 means a single supplier; the lower it is, the more suppliers share the money. Here a market is one authority, one CPV group and one year. The CPV group matters: over all of an authority's suppliers the index would measure what it bought, not who it bought from. The same authority can have competition for fuel and a single supplier for IT services.

Flagged markets

649

Money in flagged markets

51.28 Bn.

Mean index (money-weighted)

9,013

Flagged markets by year

Years marked * are not fully covered by the data: 2018, 2026.

Concentrated money, by CPV group

The 12 largest CPV groups by value; the other 101 are added into a single tile.

National concentration index by year

The index, like the rate in the year chart, is computed on every market checked, not only the flagged ones.

How it is computed

The index is computed per market, not per authority, and only on money spent.

  1. Every award in the three streams (tenders, direct purchases and offline purchases) since 2018 is taken.
  2. Each award gets its CPV group (three digits), supplier and year: the contract date for tenders, the finalisation date for the others. A contract over several lots is split by estimated value; an association's contract is split among its members.
  3. Money is added up by authority, CPV group, year and supplier. Each market is also tested once over the whole period, on the money of every year together, where a supplier present in three years holds one share.
  4. The index is the sum of the squared supplier shares, times 10,000. The lowest possible value is 10,000 divided by the number of awards.
  5. Only markets large enough are included: above the money and award thresholds. A market with three awards cannot go below 3,333, however fairly it was shared.
  6. Markets with an index above the threshold are flagged, if the country had enough suppliers in the CPV group for a choice to exist.

Thresholds

  • Flagging threshold: an HHI of at least 7,000
  • At least 10 awards in a year, 30 over the whole period
  • At least 500,000 RON in a year, 3,000,000 RON over the whole period
  • At least 20 suppliers active in the CPV group nationally

The index says nothing about lawfulness: a concentrated market can come from fair tenders won by the same bidder every time. Markets below the thresholds above are left out, and framework agreements are excluded.

The CPV group approximates the market. Some groups are local monopolies (waste, water, district heating), where the national supplier count overstates the buyer's real choice, and the indicator will flag them. The Suppliers in the market column helps recognise them.

The full explanation, on the methodology page

The whole period is not the sum of the years. Each market is tested once more, on the money of every year together: supplier shares are taken over the whole period, and the floors are higher (30 awards and 3,000,000 RON). A market can be flagged in a year without being flagged over the whole period, for example when one supplier took everything in one year but shared the market in the others. Choose a year to see the markets flagged in it.

Contracting authority CPV group Year Spent Awards Suppliers used Suppliers in market HHI Leading supplier
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI - BISTRITA-NASAUD CUI: 8883551 452 Whole period 16,369,074 15,488,248 821,915 58,911 50 29,228 8,961 AMICII BUILDING SRL CUI: 24060832 94.6%
AMICII BUILDING SRL CUI: 24060832 94.6% SIGMA ALFA CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 17451293 2.6% PROGAZ-INSTAL SRL CUI: 13374422 0.6% ROYAL ORIZONT SRL CUI: 41504048 0.6% ITALRO ROSARIO & ADRIAN SRL CUI: 24088019 0.5% 9 further suppliers 1.1%
SPITALUL CLINIC COLTEA CUI: 4192960 241 Whole period 16,346,451 16,258,350 88,101 34 1,197 9,984 LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 99.9%
LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 99.9% CLEAN SERVICES INTERNATIONAL SRL CUI: 18537512 0.0% JUST TOP OFFICE SRL CUI: 44958081 0.0% EXTREME ENGINEERING SRL CUI: 32562910 0.0% LARI COM SERV SRL CUI: 2632690 0.0% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
UNIVERSITATEA POLITEHNICA DIN BUCURESTI CUI: 4183199 905 Whole period 16,153,503 15,788,187 362,789 2,527 44 1,525 9,557 COMPANIA ROMPREST SERVICE SA CUI: 13788556 97.8%
COMPANIA ROMPREST SERVICE SA CUI: 13788556 97.8% SETCAR SA CUI: 6873861 0.8% INSTITUTUL NATIONAL DE CERCETARE - DEZVOLTARE PENTRU FIZICA SI INGINERIE NUCLEARA HORIA HULUBEI - IFIN - HH CUI: 3321234 0.6% BRAI-CATA SRL CUI: 13627967 0.6% DESMAN INFOMED SRL CUI: 30891275 0.2% 3 further suppliers 0.1%
MUNICIPIUL ODORHEIU SECUIESC CUI: 4367558 905 Whole period 16,149,005 15,907,545 240,160 1,300 43 1,525 9,741 RDE HARGHITA SRL CUI: 6582234 98.7%
RDE HARGHITA SRL CUI: 6582234 98.7% AKSD ROMANIA SRL CUI: 13033778 1.2% FODOR TK SRL CUI: 43798764 0.1% PROTAN SA CUI: 368356 0.0% DEMECO SRL CUI: 16514342 0.0% 1 further suppliers 0.0%
MUNICIPIUL MANGALIA CUI: 4515255 905 Whole period 16,129,076 15,982,566 146,510 42 1,525 9,820 IRIDEX GROUP SALUBRIZARE SRL CUI: 24342060 99.1%
IRIDEX GROUP SALUBRIZARE SRL CUI: 24342060 99.1% ECO FIRE SISTEMS SRL CUI: 14356289 0.9% CAZACIOC & CO SRL CUI: 2648492 0.0% IGIENA SERV SRL CUI: 12250620 0.0% GRAND PROTAN SRL CUI: 42136947 0.0%
SPITALUL JUDETEAN DE URGENTA MAVROMATI BOTOSANI CUI: 4557951 093 Whole period 16,042,627 15,870,142 145,048 27,437 112 1,293 9,787 TINMAR ENERGY SA CUI: 34620961 98.9%
TINMAR ENERGY SA CUI: 34620961 98.9% PRIMA SRL CUI: 10825641 0.9% DIRECTIA DE SANATATE PUBLICA CUI: 11321693 0.2%
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE ADMINISTRARE A INFRASTRUCTURII RUTIERE SA CUI: 16054368 384 Whole period 16,018,515 14,918,800 474,910 624,805 106 5,086 9,505 TECNOSERVICE EQUIPMENT SRL CUI: 11906663 97.5%
TECNOSERVICE EQUIPMENT SRL CUI: 11906663 97.5% ROFAROM SRL CUI: 516231 0.8% EVOTRACKING SRL CUI: 24974708 0.3% GISCAD SRL CUI: 8763440 0.2% DARI TEHNOLOGIES SRL CUI: 14998270 0.2% 36 further suppliers 1.0%
MUNICIPIUL MIERCUREA-CIUC CUI: 4245747 349 Whole period 15,988,686 13,973,778 949,803 1,065,105 52 18,115 7,000 CONTROLSOFT AUTOMATIZARE SRL CUI: 43113615 83.3%
CONTROLSOFT AUTOMATIZARE SRL CUI: 43113615 83.3% PARKDEKOR SRL CUI: 18192715 6.4% ELECTRIC-INST SRL CUI: 15922718 4.1% KISSUNICUM PRODUCTIE SRL CUI: 43063991 1.8% BOTH-FODOR ANDRAS PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 39170957 1.0% 7 further suppliers 3.5%
JUDETUL IALOMITA CUI: 4231776 302 Whole period 15,872,735 15,457,263 415,174 298 139 9,704 8,862 MIDA SOFT BUSINESS SRL CUI: 16005870 94.1%
MIDA SOFT BUSINESS SRL CUI: 16005870 94.1% AD AUTO TOTAL SRL CUI: 6844726 2.9% ETA2U SRL CUI: 1801821 0.7% WEB WIN GROUP NET SRL CUI: 26299055 0.4% ORANGE ROMANIA COMMUNICATIONS SA CUI: 427320 0.4% 39 further suppliers 1.6%
COMPANIA NATIONALA IMPRIMERIA NATIONALA SA CUI: 2779625 317 Whole period 15,810,579 13,161,050 2,585,246 64,283 158 5,660 8,410 PRIMATEHNIC SERVICE SRL CUI: 14348324 91.6%
PRIMATEHNIC SERVICE SRL CUI: 14348324 91.6% THALES DIS ROMANIA SRL CUI: 37180822 3.3% PROMPT SERVICE CLIMA SRL CUI: 6706510 1.4% FILKON INTERNATIONAL SRL CUI: 15687795 1.1% RASIROM RA CUI: 7061781 0.6% 30 further suppliers 2.1%
SOCIETATEA DE DISTRIBUTIE A ENERGIEI ELECTRICE MUNTENIA NORD SA CUI: 14506181 642 Whole period 15,738,810 15,722,010 16,800 30 1,123 9,296 VODAFONE ROMANIA SA CUI: 8971726 96.4%
VODAFONE ROMANIA SA CUI: 8971726 96.4% ORANGE ROMANIA SA CUI: 9010105 3.6% TV BUZAU TRUST CAMPUS SRL CUI: 38190883 0.1%
AUTORITATEA VAMALA ROMANA CUI: 45789320 349 Whole period 15,562,036 15,246,998 289,944 25,094 138 18,115 9,600 RASIROM RA CUI: 7061781 98.0%
RASIROM RA CUI: 7061781 98.0% ATELIER TURBOSUFLANTE SRL CUI: 40996996 0.6% LEMINGS SRL CUI: 12039551 0.3% AUTO EUROPA SRL CUI: 6725652 0.2% PRO SIGN SRL CUI: 14569473 0.2% 29 further suppliers 0.6%
SPITALUL CLINIC MUNICIPAL DE URGENTA TIMISOARA CUI: 4483447 909 Whole period 15,517,048 14,989,644 510,844 16,560 48 6,478 7,005 ACKROBAT PROFESIONAL SRL CUI: 31436248 82.9%
ACKROBAT PROFESIONAL SRL CUI: 31436248 82.9% ECOMID-SERV SRL CUI: 9921394 10.9% GROUP VELSTAND SRL CUI: 28553116 4.3% DERATIM TIMIS SRL CUI: 33387940 0.8% ARCO SAUBER SRL CUI: 37094934 0.6% 6 further suppliers 0.5%
SPITAL CLINIC JUDETEAN DE URGENTA BIHOR CUI: 4208498 983 Whole period 15,417,365 14,781,072 563,195 73,098 69 16,828 9,341 SALESIANER MIETTEX SRL CUI: 17480221 96.6%
SALESIANER MIETTEX SRL CUI: 17480221 96.6% INDRIES MIHAELA-CORINA PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 50728745 0.8% INDRIES LUKA-DAVID-PETRU PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 50741701 0.8% BLAGA FLORICA-RODICA PERSOANA FIZICA AUTORIZATA CUI: 51763333 0.3% LINDE GAZ ROMANIA SRL CUI: 8721959 0.3% 15 further suppliers 1.2%
SECTORUL 4 AL MUNICIPIULUI BUCURESTI CUI: 4316422 795 Whole period 15,413,469 14,888,515 524,144 810 37 2,903 9,999 EUROCO PARTNER INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 18764159 100.0%
EUROCO PARTNER INDUSTRY SRL CUI: 18764159 100.0% BPT TRADUCERI SRL CUI: 37751805 0.0% SYNCRO TRANSLATION SERVICES SRL CUI: 32163600 0.0%
AGENTIA NATIONALA DE CADASTRU SI PUBLICITATE IMOBILIARA CUI: 9051601 722 Whole period 15,282,957 14,369,765 913,192 81 6,623 7,211 ASEE SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 6614131 84.1%
ASEE SOLUTIONS SRL CUI: 6614131 84.1% IT ABOUT IT SRL CUI: 35313787 9.9% SOCIETATEA NATIONALA DE INFORMATICA SA CUI: 1556587 6.0% QUARTZ DATA RECOVERY SRL CUI: 22104703 0.0%
SERVICII PUBLICE IASI SA CUI: 27277063 091 Whole period 15,228,902 14,267,874 824,406 136,622 40 3,101 7,225 OMV PETROM MARKETING SRL CUI: 11201891 84.1%
OMV PETROM MARKETING SRL CUI: 11201891 84.1% GARDEN STORE SRL CUI: 37244519 12.0% ENGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 13093222 1.7% PREMIER ENERGY TRADING SRL CUI: 7127592 1.5% EON ENERGIE ROMANIA SA CUI: 22043010 0.7% 2 further suppliers 0.0%
SPITALUL ORASENESC LUDUS DR VALER RUSSU CUI: 4323543 452 Whole period 15,121,221 14,269,431 844,495 7,295 54 29,228 8,912 CONSTRUCT MAPCOM SRL CUI: 1238311 94.4%
CONSTRUCT MAPCOM SRL CUI: 1238311 94.4% ASTOR COM SRL CUI: 3445623 2.3% CIPRIS CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 19110136 1.1% BULLSCONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 35057565 0.6% TVV HYDRO PROJECT SOCIETATE CU RASPUNDERE LIMITATA CUI: 47320478 0.5% 15 further suppliers 1.2%
ORASUL ZARNESTI CUI: 4646897 453 Whole period 15,050,172 12,977,472 2,042,810 29,890 96 15,874 7,457 EREN CONS SRL CUI: 17203875 86.2%
EREN CONS SRL CUI: 17203875 86.2% CONSREP MIHAI SRL CUI: 22049137 2.3% AFTERNET SRL CUI: 21584069 2.1% CREATIVE MEDIA SRL CUI: 18744631 1.9% INSTEL FRIG SRL CUI: 3481324 1.8% 14 further suppliers 5.6%
SPITALUL CLINIC DE OBSTETRICA-GINECOLOGIE DR IOAN AUREL SBARCEA BRASOV CUI: 4443183 454 Whole period 15,006,561 14,615,788 219,373 171,400 33 20,588 7,628 STADI DESIGN SRL CUI: 34420920 86.8%
STADI DESIGN SRL CUI: 34420920 86.8% HACHI INVEST SRL CUI: 40100475 10.0% WORLD TRANS SYSTEMS SRL CUI: 32275964 1.0% MIRELMOG CONSTRUCT SRL CUI: 28281828 0.7% R & V INSTAL BRASOV SRL CUI: 31000086 0.5% 9 further suppliers 1.1%
DIRECTIA GENERALA DE ASISTENTA SOCIALA SI PROTECTIA COPILULUI SECTOR 1 CUI: 15318810 797 Whole period 14,929,266 14,507,066 422,200 44 2,022 9,540 TIGER SECURITY SERVICES SA CUI: 33326284 97.6%
TIGER SECURITY SERVICES SA CUI: 33326284 97.6% CON-INSTAL ENGINEERING SRL CUI: 18110235 2.4%
ADMINISTRATIA SPITALELOR SI SERVICIILOR MEDICALE BUCURESTI CUI: 25502860 851 Whole period 14,840,045 14,057,769 602,259 180,017 35 7,725 8,968 SPITALUL CLINIC COLTEA CUI: 4192960 94.7%
SPITALUL CLINIC COLTEA CUI: 4192960 94.7% LIBERTY MEDICAL CENTER SRL CUI: 28922663 1.6% DR ANTON CONSTANTA CUI: 25681102 1.2% SPITALUL CLINIC COLENTINA BUCURESTI CUI: 4283929 1.1% CRIS MED FAMILY SRL CUI: 26078178 0.6% 2 further suppliers 0.9%
COMPLEXUL MUZEAL ARAD CUI: 3678220 454 Whole period 14,641,649 12,905,982 1,575,211 160,456 30 20,588 7,374 CLEVER SOLUTIONS POINT SRL CUI: 30220490 85.4%
CLEVER SOLUTIONS POINT SRL CUI: 30220490 85.4% TEHNODOMUS SRL CUI: 5596002 8.3% DAVI PRESS PAVAJE SRL CUI: 39307893 3.0% ECOSERV CONSAR SRL CUI: 40085790 1.4% LOREDALYSS SRL CUI: 26472252 0.7% 6 further suppliers 1.4%
JUDETUL VRANCEA CUI: 4350394 797 Whole period 14,541,051 14,478,767 62,284 39 2,022 7,396 DIALFA SECURITY SRL CUI: 13818436 84.9%
DIALFA SECURITY SRL CUI: 13818436 84.9% X SERV SRL CUI: 26150770 13.4% LEX PROTECT BUZAU SRL CUI: 4595335 1.2% FAMILY SECURITY COMPANY SRL CUI: 27426157 0.2% UMO GUARD SRL CUI: 8930750 0.2% 1 further suppliers 0.1%
UNIVERSITATEA NATIONALA DE STIINTA SI TEHNOLOGIE POLITEHNICA BUCURESTI CUI: 48467613 325 Whole period 14,277,522 13,311,989 965,533 32 3,951 8,869 FELIX TELECOM SRL CUI: 2354144 94.1%
FELIX TELECOM SRL CUI: 2354144 94.1% APEL LASER SRL CUI: 15595373 1.7% START BIT NET SRL CUI: 17009845 1.2% NANOTEAM SRL CUI: 36665722 1.0% NITECH SRL CUI: 13890865 1.0% 16 further suppliers 1.0%

201-225 of 649 results

Rows per page: 25 50 100
Contracting authority
The authority that spent. The name leads to its profile.
CPV group
The three-digit CPV group: the market the index is computed on.
Year
The year the market was tested in. Whole period is a separate test on the money of every year together, with higher floors; it is not the sum of the years, and a market flagged in a year can be missing from it.
Spent
The money spent in this market. Underneath, by stream (tenders, direct, offline), each linked to the listing it was computed from.
Awards
How many awards the market holds. The lowest possible index depends on it: 10,000 divided by this number.
Suppliers used
How many suppliers were paid. Click the figure to list them under the row, with each one's share.
Suppliers in market
How many suppliers sold in this CPV group across the country that year. A high index with five suppliers nationally is the market; with nine hundred, it is a choice.
HHI
The sum of the squared shares, times 10,000: 10,000 means a single supplier. The hint beside the figure shows the lowest possible value for the number of awards.
Leading supplier
The supplier with the largest share, and its share. The supplier filter searches every supplier in the market.

The same data, through the API

Every figure on this page comes from the public API, through the endpoints below. The parameters each one takes are in the documentation; each needs an access key.

  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/distribution
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/overview/years
  • /api/v1/red-flags/concentrare/cpv-spend

Open data and API